Large Language Models & Generative AIVector Databases, HNSW Indexing & Hybrid Search
Written Guide25 minutes

Vector Databases, HNSW Indexing & Hybrid Search

Lesson Summary: Setting up ChromaDB and Pinecone, Approximate Nearest Neighbor (ANN) search, and BM25 hybrid ranking.

Exact k-NN search requires O(N)O(N) dot products across millions of vectors—unusable for production sub-second latency. Vector databases utilize Hierarchical Navigable Small World (HNSW) graphs to search in logarithmic O(log⁡N)O(\log N) time.